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Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle
The Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV) is a U.S. Army program to replace the M113 armored personnel carrier and family of vehicles.〔(Army Mulls $1.7 Billion Effort To Replace 3,000 M113s ) - Defense.AOL.com, May 29, 2012〕 A contract for the Engineering, Manufacturing, and Development (EMD) phase was awarded to BAE Systems in December 2014. the program is scheduled to deliver 2,897 vehicles at a total cost of $10,723m, or $3.7m per vehicle.
==Rationale==
The M113 has been in service since the early 1960s and while able to take on various roles, has proven too vulnerable for combat. In the 1980s, the M2 Bradley replaced the M113 in the front-line transport role, moving it to rear-area roles. In the Iraq War, urban warfare tactics still defeated the M113, leading it to be nearly replaced entirely in active service by MRAP vehicles. MRAPs were useful on the roads of Iraq, but have less payload capacity and poorer off-road performance. The AMPV aims to find a vehicle more versatile and mobile against a wide range of adversaries while having off-road mobility compared to Bradleys and M1 Abrams tanks.〔
Some reports suggested that the AMPV program was being favored over the Ground Combat Vehicle program. While procurement of the AMPV fleet would cost over $5 billion, the Government Accountability Office estimates the GCV fleet would cost $37 billion. In April 2013, the Congressional Budget Office said the AMPV would be a better buy because analysts have asserted that the vehicles the GCV is slated to replace should not be first. The GCV Infantry Fighting Vehicle would replace 61 M2 Bradley infantry fighting vehicles per armored combat brigade, making up 18 percent of the 346 armored combat vehicles in each armored brigade. A 24 September 2013 Congressional Research Service report suggested that given budgetary constraints, the GCV program may be unrealistic, and that one potential discussion could focus on a decision by the Army to replace the GCV with the AMPV as their number one ground combat vehicle acquisition priority.〔(US Army Looks To Delay, Increase Cost of AMPV Program ) - Defensenews.com, 2 October 2013〕 The Army FY 2015 budget proposal suggests cancelling the GCV program and moving funds to the AMPV as the service's priority vehicle program.〔(Army 2015 Budget Kills GCV, Cuts Readiness ) - DoDBuzz.com, 4 March 2014〕〔(FY15 Army budget, request includes small pay raise, 490K end strength ) - Army.mil, 4 March 2014〕
In order to keep development costs down, the Army is requiring the vehicle be a commercial off-the-shelf design that can be incrementally improved. The vehicle would have new technologies including electronics, networking, and communications gear added onto the platform as they become available later. If the AMPV can incorporate newer satellite communications as they are developed, they could be linked to other ground vehicles that would normally require a complete subsystems overhaul for new gear after a certain number of years.〔(Army Mulls Trading New Vehicles for Upgrades to Old Ones ) - DoDBuzz.com, 31 October 2013〕 The operational maintenance cost requirement of the AMPV is up to $90 per mile, compared to $58 per mile for the M113.〔(Abrams Dieselization Project: Doing the Math ) - Defensemedianetwork.com, 7 November 2013〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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